Application of Dedi Nataniel Application in Early Detection of Childhood Intellectual Disability and Delay to Increase Public Health Resilience Through an Interprofessional Approach to Education

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35882/ficse.v5i3.157

Keywords:

Early Detection, Intellectual Disability, Developmental Delay, DeDi NaTaNiel Application, Interprofessional

Abstract

Early detection of intellectual disabilities and developmental delays in children remains a challenge in community-based health services, particularly in rural areas where developmental monitoring primarily focuses on physical growth indicators, while cognitive, language, and intellectual development receive limited attention. Inadequate knowledge among health workers, community health cadres, and parents, combined with the limited utilization of digital screening technology, may contribute to delayed identification and intervention. This community service program aimed to improve the knowledge and capacity of health workers, Posyandu cadres, Bina Keluarga Balita (BKB) cadres, and parents in conducting early detection of childhood intellectual disabilities and developmental delays through the implementation of the DeDi NaTaNiel application using an Interprofessional Education (IPE) approach. The program employed a pre-experimental design with a participatory and evaluative-descriptive approach, conducted from March to September 2026 in five Posyandu (Anggrek 1–5) in Ngiliran Village, Magetan Regency, East Java. The intervention involved 60 participants and included educational sessions, application demonstrations, hands-on training, and supervised screening of 159 toddlers. Knowledge improvement was assessed using pre-test and post-test questionnaires, while application acceptance was evaluated across six dimensions. Data were analyzed descriptively and using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The results demonstrated a substantial improvement in participants' knowledge, with the proportion of participants in the good knowledge category increasing from 20.0% (12 participants) before the intervention to 91.7% (55 participants) afterward. Meanwhile, the poor knowledge category decreased from 41.7% (25 participants) to 0%. The improvement was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Participants also demonstrated positive acceptance of the application's usability and perceived benefits. In conclusion, integrating the DeDi NaTaNiel application with an IPE-based educational approach effectively improved participants' short-term knowledge and supported community-based early detection capacity. Broader implementation, continuous training, and longitudinal evaluation are recommended to strengthen sustainable child development monitoring and improve early intervention services.

References

B. Munoz-Chereau, L. Ang, J. Dockrell, L. Outhwaite, and C. Heffernan, “Measuring early child development across low and middle-income countries: A systematic review,” Journal of Early Childhood Research, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 443–470, 2021. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1476718X211020031.

J. Meurer, R. Rohloff, L. Rein, I. Kanter, N. Kotagiri, C. Gundacker, and S. Tarima, “Improving child development screening: Implications for professional practice and patient equity,” Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, vol. 13, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319211062676.

T. R. Coker, E. A. Gottschlich, W. H. Burr, and P. H. Lipkin, “Early childhood screening practices and barriers: A national survey of primary care pediatricians,” Pediatrics, vol. 154, no. 2, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2023-065552.

L. Bliznashka, E. Hentschel, N. B. Ali, X. Hunt, S. E. Neville, D. Olney, H. O. Pitchik, A. Roy, J. Seiden, K. Solís-Cordero, A. Thapa, and J. Jeong, “Psychometric properties of early childhood development assessment tools in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review,” BMJ Open, vol. 15, no. 5, Art. no. e096365, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2024-096365.

A. Burgess et al., “Clinical utility and psychometric properties of tools for early detection of developmental concerns and disability in young children: A scoping review,” Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 286–306, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.16076.

A. T. Gebremeskel et al., “Multilevel determinants of community health workers for an effective maternal and child health programme in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review,” BMJ Global Health, vol. 7, no. 4, Art. no. e008162, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008162.

S. McLeod, A. Kawamura, and A. Orsino, “Assessing children and youth with global developmental delay and intellectual developmental disorder,” Paediatrics & Child Health, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 682–689, 2026. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxag032.

R. Venkataramanan, S. V. Subramanian, M. Alajlani, and T. N. Arvanitis, “Effect of mobile health interventions in increasing utilization of maternal and child health care services in developing countries: A scoping review,” Digital Health, vol. 8, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/20552076221143236.

C. M. Westgard and L. A. Orrego-Ferreyros, “An mHealth tool for community health workers to improve caregiver knowledge of child health in the Amazon: An effectiveness-implementation hybrid evaluation,” PLOS Global Public Health, vol. 2, no. 9, Art. no. e0001118, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001118.

C. Kachimanga, H. R. Zaniku, T. H. Divala, et al., “Evaluating the adoption of mHealth technologies by community health workers to improve the use of maternal health services in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review,” JMIR mHealth and uHealth, vol. 12, Art. no. e55819, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.2196/55819.

G. Tavassoli, T. Samimi, H. Farrokh-eslamlou, H. Lotfnezhad Afshar, E. Gozali, T. Timpka, and B. Rahimi, “The effect of mHealth interventions on early childhood development: A systematic review,” Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, vol. 2025, Art. no. 9566241, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/hbe2/9566241.

C. Baynes, A. M. Kanté, A. Exavery, K. Tani, G. Sikustahili, H. Mushi, J. Baraka, K. Ramsey, K. Sherr, B. J. Weiner, and J. F. Phillips, “The implementation and effectiveness of multi-tasked, paid community health workers on maternal and child health: A cluster-randomized pragmatic trial and qualitative process evaluation in Tanzania,” PLOS Global Public Health, vol. 3, no. 9, Art. no. e0002050, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002050.

L. Noel, Q. Chen, L. J. Petruzzi, F. Phillips, R. Garay, C. Valdez, M. P. Aranda, and B. Jones, “Interprofessional collaboration between social workers and community health workers to address health and mental health in the United States: A systematised review,” Health & Social Care in the Community, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. e6240–e6254, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.14061.

G. Felix, A. Deavenport-Saman, S. Stavros, N. Farboodi, R. Durazo-Arvizu, J. Garcia, L. Yin, and M. P. Gera, “Standardizing and improving primary care-based electronic developmental screening for young children in federally qualified health center clinics,” Maternal and Child Health Journal, vol. 28, no. 10, pp. 1716–1725, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10995-024-03970-y.

N. Arefadib, B. Stewart, C. Crespo-Gonzalez, D. Coghill, R. W. Hunt, R. P. Lingam, and M. Mulraney, “Umbrella review and meta-analysis: Screening tools for the identification of developmental delay in early childhood,” Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, vol. 65, no. 7, pp. 886–901, 2026. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2025.09.011.

L. A. de Araújo et al., “Warning signs for identifying neurodevelopmental disorders: A systematic literature review,” Jornal de Pediatria, vol. 102, suppl. 1, Art. no. 101478, 2026. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2025.101478.

N. Sofia, T. Zubaidah, Hapisah, N. A. Aprilea, and Rusmilawaty, “Child growth and development monitoring in the digital era: A systematic review of mobile and digital health applications in Indonesia,” Jurnal Teknokes, vol. 19, no. 1, 2026. doi: https://doi.org/10.35882/jteknokes.v19i1.128.

A. Joubert and M. Reid, “Knowledge, skills, and training of community health workers to contribute to interprofessional education: A scoping review,” Journal of Interprofessional Care, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 308–318, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2023.2176472.

F. Bogossian et al., “The implementation of interprofessional education: A scoping review,” Advances in Health Sciences Education, vol. 28, pp. 243–277, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10128-4.

A. O. Ojelabi, J. Ling, D. Roberts, and C. Hawkins, “Does interprofessional education support integration of care services? A systematic review,” Journal of Interprofessional Education & Practice, vol. 28, Art. no. 100534, 2022. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xjep.2022.100534.

I. D. Saragih, C.-T. Hsiao, W.-C. Fann, C.-M. Hsu, I. S. Saragih, and B.-O. Lee, “Impacts of interprofessional education on collaborative practice of healthcare professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis,” Nurse Education Today, vol. 136, Art. no. 106136, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106136.

R. A. Nianogo, T. Benmarhnia, and S. O'Neill, “A comparison of quasi-experimental methods with data before and after an intervention: An introduction for epidemiologists and a simulation study,” International Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 1522–1533, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyad032.

F. Bogossian, K. New, K. George, N. Barr, N. Dodd, A. L. Hamilton, G. Nash, N. Masters, F. Pelly, C. Reid, R. Shakhovskoy, and J. Taylor, “The implementation of interprofessional education: A scoping review,” Advances in Health Sciences Education, vol. 28, pp. 243–277, 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10128-4.

A. Joubert and M. Reid, “Knowledge, skills, and training of community health workers to contribute to interprofessional education: A scoping review,” Journal of Interprofessional Care, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 308–318, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/13561820.2023.2176472.

A. H. Ngestiningrum and M. B. Qomaruddin, “Assessment of the implementation of early detection of children's growth and development by midwives,” African Journal of Reproductive Health, vol. 28, no. 10s, pp. 50–60, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.29063/ajrh2024/v28i10s.6.

F. R. Mbaloto, E. L. Mua, R. A. Sekeon, and A. S. Ra'bung, “Effectiveness of growth and development screening and stimulation methods among toddlers in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: A quasi-experimental study,” Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 479–488, 2025. doi: https://doi.org/10.33860/jik.v19i3.4270.

C. Kachimanga, H. R. Zaniku, T. H. Divala, J. C. F. Ket, J. S. Mukherjee, D. Palazuelos, A. V. Kulinkina, I. O. O. Abejirinde, and T. van den Akker, “Evaluating the adoption of mHealth technologies by community health workers to improve the use of maternal health services in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review,” JMIR mHealth and uHealth, vol. 12, Art. no. e55819, 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.2196/55819.

T. A. Tembo, N. E. Rosenberg, F. Ayele, S. Ahmed, and L.-G. Bekker, “Outcomes of digital training for community health workers in low- and middle-income countries: Scoping review,” JMIR Medical Education, vol. 12, Art. no. e82772, 2026, doi: 10.2196/82772.

F. Bogossian et al., “The implementation of interprofessional education: A scoping review,” Advances in Health Sciences Education, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 243–277, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s10459-022-10128-4.

A. Joubert and M. Reid, “Knowledge, skills, and training of community health workers to contribute to interprofessional education: A scoping review,” Journal of Interprofessional Care, vol. 38, no. 2, pp. 308–318, 2024, doi: 10.1080/13561820.2023.2176472.

R. A. Nianogo, T. Benmarhnia, and S. O’Neill, “A comparison of quasi-experimental methods with data before and after an intervention: An introduction for epidemiologists and a simulation study,” International Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 1522–1533, 2023, doi: 10.1093/ije/dyad032.

K. Bierer et al., “Moving beyond simplistic research design in health professions education: What a one-group pretest-posttest design will not prove,” Medical Education Online, vol. 21, Art. no. 11527, 2025, doi: 10.15766/mep_2374-8265.11527.

A. H. Ngestiningrum and M. B. Qomaruddin, “Assessment of the implementation of early detection of children’s growth and development by midwives,” African Journal of Reproductive Health, vol. 28, no. 10s, pp. 50–60, 2024, doi: 10.29063/ajrh2024/v28i10s.6.

F. R. Mbaloto, E. L. Mua, R. A. Sekeon, and A. S. Ra’bung, “Effectiveness of growth and development screening and stimulation methods among toddlers in Central Sulawesi, Indonesia: A quasi-experimental study,” Poltekita: Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 479–488, 2025, doi: 10.33860/jik.v19i3.4270.

Downloads

Published

2026-09-30

Issue

Section

Engineering