Improving Cardiac Health Literacy Through Android-Based Early Detection Education at Candi Primary Health Center, Sidoarjo, Indonesia
Keywords:
Android application; cardiac health literacy; community education; coronary heart disease; early detectionAbstract
Coronary heart disease remains a major public health concern that requires improved recognition of risk factors and early warning symptoms. Conventional health education is often limited in reach and continuity, thereby necessitating the integration of accessible digital health technologies. Android-based applications offer a promising approach to support continuous education and self-risk screening at the community level. This community service program aimed to improve participants’ knowledge and awareness of coronary heart disease and introduce an Android-based application for early risk recognition. The program was conducted at Candi Health Center, Sidoarjo, on 9 June 2026 using a one-group pre-test–post-test design. Participants were community members attending a health seminar that included structured education sessions, application demonstration, and hands-on practice using the Android application. Knowledge was assessed using a validated 20-item multiple-choice questionnaire administered before and after the intervention. Changes in knowledge scores were analyzed using comparative statistical testing. A total of 30 participants were involved in the evaluation. The results showed an increase in mean post-test scores compared to pre-test scores, indicating improved understanding of coronary heart disease risk factors, symptoms, and early response actions. Most participants successfully accessed and operated the Android application during the training session, demonstrating its feasibility as an educational tool. The integrated educational and Android-assisted intervention was associated with improved short-term knowledge of coronary heart disease. Continued assistance and longer-term evaluation are required to determine sustained application use and health-related behavioral changes.
References
C. Witt, L. G. Renfroe, and T. S. Lyons, “Discordance between serum cholesterol concentration and atherogenic lipoprotein particle number in people with metabolic disease: A systematic review,” Diabetes, Obes. Metab., vol. 27, no. 6, pp. 2940–2954, Jun. 2025, doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/dom.16335.
H. L. Kim, “Arterial stiffness and hypertension,” Clin. Hypertens., vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2023, doi: 10.1186/s40885-023-00258-1.
S. Laurent and P. Boutouyrie, “Arterial stiffness and hypertension in the elderly,” Front. Cardiovasc. Med., vol. 7, p. 544302, 2020.
F. A. Causio et al., “Impact of digital health interventions on health literacy: A systematic review with quality appraisal,” medRxiv, pp. 2002–2025, 2025.
O. C. Fasuyi, “Strengthening Community-Based Interventions to Reduce Chronic Disease Burdens and Promote Long-Term Health Equity,” Int. J. Adv. Res. Publ. Rev, vol. 6, pp. 273–298, 2025.
B. G. Irianto, S. Luthfiyah, H. Gumiwang, A. M. Maghfiroh, and A. Kholik, “Enhancing Health Services through Telemedicine: Addressing the Gaps in LBW Monitoring and Training at Puskesmas Gedangan, Sidoarjo Regency,” Front. Community Serv. Empower., vol. 3, no. 3, 2024.
A. Rudwan et al., “Health education and its role in the prevention and management of non-communicable diseases: a review,” Cureus, vol. 17, no. 9, 2025.
A. Nolin-Lapalme et al., “DeepECG.ai: An AI-enhanced ECG analysis platform to bridge the expertise gap from primary care to cardiology,” J. Electrocardiol., vol. 96, no. May, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2026.154359.
S. Arunachala et al., “Effectiveness of motivational interviewing for improvement of hand hygiene compliance and reduction of hospital acquired infection in intensive care unit,” Am. J. Infect. Control, vol. 54, no. 7, pp. 772–777, 2026, doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2026.01.015.
C. Stigter-Outshoven, G. Van de Glind, L. J. Wieberdink, R. van Zelm, and A. Braam, “Competencies Emergency and Mental Health Nurses Need in Triage in Acute Mental Health Care: A Narrative Review,” J. Emerg. Nurs., vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 55–71, 2024, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2023.08.005.
A. L. Kurniawan et al., “Digital intervention targeting nutrition and physical activity behaviours among healthy individuals in low-and middle-income countries: a scoping review,” J. Heal. Popul. Nutr., vol. 44, no. 1, p. 348, 2025.
M. Fisher, A. Vishwas, S. Cross, and C. Attoe, “Simulation training for Police and Ambulance Services: improving care for people with mental health needs,” BMJ Simul. Technol. Enhanc. Learn., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 121–122, 2020, doi: 10.1136/bmjstel-2018-000423.
Y. Cai et al., “Artificial intelligence in the risk prediction models of cardiovascular disease and development of an independent validation screening tool: a systematic review,” BMC Med., vol. 22, no. 1, p. 56, 2024, doi: 10.1186/s12916-024-03273-7.
S. Hardianti, B. Budiman, and N. Nadirawati, “Kesiapan tenaga kesehatan dalam pelaksanaan posyandu prima terintegrasi perkesmas di puskesmas kota purwakarta,” J. Educ. Dev., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 464–471, 2024.
W. H. Cheah, N. Mat Jusoh, M. M. T. Aung, A. Ab Ghani, and H. Mohd Amin Rebuan, “Mobile Technology in Medicine: Development and Validation of an Adapted System Usability Scale (SUS) Questionnaire and Modified Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to Evaluate User Experience and Acceptability of a Mobile Application in MRI Safety Screening,” Indian J. Radiol. Imaging, vol. 33, no. 1, pp. 36–45, 2023, doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1758198.
P. D. Sobral, V. P. Ramos, V. G. Ferreira da Cruz, J. I. da Silva, R. F. Gama, and D. Angélica, “Digital literacy and technological profile of coronary patients: mobile applications for health education.,” Rev. Enferm. da UFSM, vol. 15, 2025.
I. Li, A. T. Langford, C. Grady, and A. Rid, “Ethical considerations for referral partnerships in clinical research,” J. Med. Ethics, 2024.
Z. Abbasi, M. Mollahadi, F. Khamseh, and Z. Vafadar, “Motivational interview and teach back: effectiveness on the rate of hand hygiene compliance in ICU Nurses,” J. Prev. Med. Hyg., vol. 65, no. 2, pp. E265–E272, 2024, doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2024.65.2.2484.
K. P. Jani, “The Role of Public Health Education in Promoting Heart Health and Preventing Coronary Artery Disease among adults worldwide: A Systematic Literature Review.” University of Wales Trinity Saint David (United Kingdom), 2024.
L. C. Brewer et al., “Community-based, cluster-randomized pilot trial of a cardiovascular mobile health intervention: preliminary findings of the FAITH! trial,” Circulation, vol. 146, no. 3, pp. 175–190, 2022.
F. Halim, E. Ermiati, and E. A. Sari, “Factors of Stunting in Toddlers: a Literature Review,” J. Nurs. Care, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 285–294, 2021, doi: 10.24198/jnc.v4i1.27498.
G. F. T. Variane, D. M. K. Leandro, S. S. de Azevedo, J. Q. Teixeira, and M. J. Mimica, “Remote neonatal neurocritical care: from the bedside to the cloud,” in Seminars in Perinatology, 2025, p. 152124.
D. Staehelin, M. Greve, and G. Schwabe, “Empowering community health workers with mobile health: learnings from two projects on non-communicable disease care,” 2023.
N. Mouchrek, “Empowering Experiential Education in Design: Integrative Model and Pilot Application in an Undergraduate Experience Design Course,” 2024.
S. Pati et al., “Developing and assessing the ‘MultiLife’ intervention: a mobile health-based lifestyle toolkit for cardiometabolic multimorbidity in diabetes and hypertension management–a type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial protocol,” BMC Public Health, vol. 25, no. 1, p. 3, 2025.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sari Luthfiyah, Triwiyanto Triwiyanto, Syevana Dita Musvika, Yudha Aditya Fahriza , Alfred Rafu Neno , Rizky Dwi Sisantiara
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
