Description of the Risk of Heart Disease and Stroke in Residents of RW 03 Dampit, Malang, Based on Electrocardiogram and Fast Test Examination

Bambang Guruh Irianto; Dwi Herry Andayani; Sari Luthfiyah

doi:10.35882/ficse.v1i2.14

Authors

Bambang Guruh Irianto Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1613-4762
Dwi Herry Andayani Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia
Sari Luthfiyah Department of Medical Electronics Technology, Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya, Indonesia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9677-7209

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35882/ficse.v1i2.14

Keywords:

Community service, risk of heart disease, stroke, recording ECG signals, Dampit

Abstract

The Malang regency district has the fourth-highest smoking prevalence rate among those over 10 years old, at 30%. 23.91% of the population aged 10 to 18 are active smokers who smoke daily. The number of passive smokers or people exposed to cigarette smoke is estimated to be higher than the number of smokers because when active smokers smoke, they also interact with non-smokers. Residents of Rukun Warga 03 Dampit village who suffer from hypertension and smoke are believed to have an impact on the incidence of heart disease and stroke, characterized by changes in the configuration of the ECG signal and signs of stroke. The purpose of this community service is to get an overview of the residents of RW.03 Dampit Village who have the potential to get heart diseases and strokes. The methodology used in conducting the community service under the community partnership program (PKM) is a pre-experimental single case study, i.e. the results of studying cardiac records of partners with a target of 50 residents in the RT environment. 007 RW. 03. The results of the community service activities showed that most (59%) reported ST elevation (ischemia) and 30% reported ST depression, the remaining 16% reported T elevation, and another 16% reported T depression. The results of his ECG recording showed evidence of M-shape, ST elevation, and ST depression (arrhythmia and ischemia). Meanwhile, all VES (ventricular extrasystoles) indicated are female. The conclusion from this community service is that there are more people who have the potential to get heart disease and stroke than active smokers. The benefits to the community are to know the condition of the residents of RW.03 Dampit Village who are potentially affected by heart disease and strokes and to improve residents' knowledge of the dangers of smoking for both active and passive smokers, the importance of eating healthy foods, and routine of exercise.

References

R. S. Barua and J. A. Ambrose, “Mechanisms of coronary thrombosis in cigarette smoke exposure,” Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 1460–1467, 2013, doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.112.300154.

M. Fricker et al., “Chronic cigarette smoke exposure induces systemic hypoxia that drives intestinal dysfunction,” JCI insight, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1–19, 2018, doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.94040.

M. P. Lin, B. Ovbiagele, D. Markovic, and A. Towfighi, “Association of secondhand smoke with stroke outcomes,” Stroke, vol. 47, no. 11, pp. 2828–2835, 2016, doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.014099.

Y. Nishino et al., “Stroke mortality associated with environmental tobacco smoke among never-smoking Japanese women: A prospective cohort study,” Prev. Med. (Baltim)., vol. 67, pp. 41–45, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.06.029.

K. Prasad, I. Dhar, and G. Caspar-Bell, “Role of advanced glycation end products and its receptors in the pathogenesis of cigarette smoke-induced cardiovascular disease,” Int. J. Angiol., vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 75–80, 2014, doi: 10.1055/s-0034-1396413.

P. Gać and M. Sobieszczańska, “Effects of cigarette smoke on Holter ECG recordings in patients with arterial hypertension. Part 1: Time domain parameters of heart rate variability,” Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol., vol. 37, no. 1, pp. 404–413, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.12.014.

F. Fischer and A. Kraemer, “Meta-analysis of the association between second-hand smoke exposure and ischaemic heart diseases, COPD and stroke Environmental health,” BMC Public Health, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–18, 2015, doi: 10.1186/s12889-015-2489-4.

S. Saito et al., “Reduced smoke-like echo and resolved thrombus in the left atrium with rivaroxaban therapy in an acute cardioembolic stroke patient,” J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis., vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 1747–1749, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.01.014.

S. Anandha Lakshmi, A. Lakshmanan, P. Ganesh Kumar, and A. Saravanan, “Effect of intensity of cigarette smoking on haematological and lipid parameters,” J. Clin. Diagnostic Res., vol. 8, no. 7, pp. 11–13, 2014, doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2014/9545.4612.

S. R. Fernandes, C. Baldaia, and A. R. Gonçalves, “Isquémia Genital em Doente Sob Terlipressina,” GE Port. J. Gastroenterol., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 224–225, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.jpge.2015.11.001.

M. Di Valentino et al., “Reduction of ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Canton Ticino (Switzerland) after smoking bans in enclosed public places - No Smoke Pub Study,” Eur. J. Public Health, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 195–199, 2015, doi: 10.1093/eurpub/cku067.

B. L. Martin et al., “Peat smoke inhalation alters blood pressure, baroreflex sensitivity, and cardiac arrhythmia risk in rats,” J. Toxicol. Environ. Heal. - Part A Curr. Issues, vol. 83, no. 23–24, pp. 748–763, 2020, doi: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1826375.

J. P. Langrish et al., “Controlled exposures to air pollutants and risk of cardiac arrhythmia,” Environ. Health Perspect., vol. 122, no. 7, pp. 747–753, 2014, doi: 10.1289/ehp.1307337.

A. D’Alessandro, I. Boeckelmann, M. Hammwhöner, and A. Goette, “Nicotine, cigarette smoking and cardiac arrhythmia: An overview,” Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol., vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 297–305, 2012, doi: 10.1177/1741826711411738.

D. Kamimura et al., “Cigarette smoking and incident heart failure: Insights from the jackson heart study,” Circulation, vol. 137, no. 24, pp. 2572–2582, 2018, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031912.

S. J. Olasky, D. Levy, and A. Moran, “Secondhand smoke and CVD in low- and middle-income countries: A case for action,” Glob. Heart, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 151-160.e5, 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2012.05.002.

T. M. Skipina, E. Z. Soliman, and B. Upadhya, “Association between secondhand smoke exposure and hypertension: nearly as large as smoking,” J. Hypertens., vol. 38, no. 10, pp. 1899–1908, 2020, doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002478.

J. Zhang, S. C. Fang, M. A. Mittleman, D. C. Christiani, and J. M. Cavallari, “Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure and heart rate variability and inflammation among non-smoking construction workers: A repeated measures study,” Environ. Heal. A Glob. Access Sci. Source, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2013, doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-12-83.

R. K. Sandhu et al., “Smoking, smoking cessation, and risk of sudden cardiac death in women,” Circ. Arrhythmia Electrophysiol., vol. 5, no. 6, pp. 1091–1097, 2012, doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.112.975219.

F. Battal et al., “Serum ischemia-modified albumin levels in adolescent smokers,” Int. J. Adolesc. Med. Health, vol. 30, no. 1, 2018, doi: 10.1515/ijamh-2015-0128.

Y. Cui et al., “Effects of moxa (Folium Artemisiae argyi) smoke exposure on heart rate and heart rate variability in healthy young adults: A randomized, controlled human study,” Evidence-based Complement. Altern. Med., vol. 2013, 2013, doi: 10.1155/2013/510318.

G. Fuernau, I. Eitel, and H. Thiele, “Smoke over myocardial infarction: Cigarettes and reperfusion injury,” Eur. Heart J., vol. 37, no. 36, pp. 2765–2767, 2016, doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehw111.

H. Mirzaei, W. McFarland, M. Karamouzian, and H. Sharifi, “COVID-19 Among People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review,” AIDS Behav., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 85–92, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02983-2.

B. J. Kim et al., “Association between secondhand smoke exposure and hypertension in 106,268 Korean self-reported never-smokers verified by cotinine,” J. Clin. Med., vol. 8, no. 8, 2019, doi: 10.3390/jcm8081238.

M. Śliwińska-Mosson, M. Ściskalska, P. Karczewska-Górska, and H. Milnerowicz, “The effect of endothelin-1 on pancreatic diseases in patients who smoke,” Adv. Clin. Exp. Med., vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 745–752, 2013